P98 Impaired Pulmonary Function is Associated with Increased Cardio-ankle Vascular Index in HIV Patients in Ghana

Abstract

Aim

Patients with HIV have increased cardiovascular risk and pulmonary defects. We investigated the association between impaired pulmonary function (IPF) and arterial stiffening measured by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) in Ghanaian HIV patients.

Method

Spirometry was used to measure pulmonary indices; forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in 79 HIV patients on treatment, 75 HIV treatment naïve patients and 78 non-HIV controls. We also used FEV1/FVC < lower limit of normal as a further index. Arterial stiffness was measured as CAVI using the Vasera device.

Results

Compared to non-HIV controls, CAVI was higher in treatment naïve (6.9 ± 1.4 vs 6.3 ± 1.1 units, p < 0.01) and HIV patients on treatment (8.1 ± 1.4, vs 6.3 ± 1.1, p < 0.01). IPF was detected in 12 (15.2%) HIV patients on treatment, 8 (10.7%) treatment naïve HIV patients and 5 (6.4%) non-HIV controls. Compared to those without IPF, IPF patients had higher CAVI in non-HIV controls (6.5 ± 1.1 vs 5.7 ± 0.8, p < 0.01), treatment naïve HIV patients (7.1 ± 1.8 vs 6.6 ± 1.4, p = 0.023) and HIV patients on treatment (7.8 ± 1.4 vs 8.7 ± 1.2, p < 0.01). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, IPF was independently associated with CAVI [adjusted OR = 1.33 (1.15 — 1.89), p = 0.037] after adjustment for age [1.21 (0.98 — 2.14), p = 0.11], male sex [0.42 (0.32 — 0.91), p = 0.035], current/former smoking status [1.43 (0.47 — 4.01), p = 0.75] and history of tuberculosis infection [1.96 (1.08 — 3.12), p < 0.01].

Conclusion

Ghanaian HIV patients have a high prevalence of impaired respiratory function and arterial stiffening, and these indices are associated with each other.