Table 1 Characteristics of study population by ABI (n = 1535)
From: Association of Body Fluid Volumes and Body Fat Distribution with Abnormal Ankle-Brachial Index
Study variables | Total (n = 1535) | ABI | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Abnormal (< 0.9) (n = 24) | Normal (0.9–1.3) (n = 1511) | |||
Body fluid volume | ||||
Estimated extracellular fluid volume (L) | 17.4 (17.1,17.6) | 18.1 (16.1,20.0) | 17.4 (17.1,17.6) | 0.657 |
Estimated intracellular fluid volume (L) | 23.1 (22.7,23.5) | 23.2 (20.7,25.7) | 23.1 (22.7,23.5) | 0.946 |
Estimated total water body volume (L) | 40.5 (39.8,41.1) | 41.3 (36.9,45.7) | 40.5 (39.8,41.1) | 0.803 |
Body composition | ||||
Estimated fat mass (kg) | 27.5 (26.8,28.3) | 34.7 (32.7,36.7) | 27.4 (26.7,28.2) | 0.003 |
Estimated fat-free mass (kg) | 54.3 (53.5,55.2) | 55.3 (49.4,61.1) | 54.3 (53.5,55.2) | 0.828 |
Estimated percent body fat (kg) | 33.4 (32.9,34.0) | 38.6 (35.6,41.5) | 33.4 (32.8,33.9) | < 0.001 |
Body fat distribution | ||||
Total percent fat | 34.0 (33.4,34.6) | 40.5 (39.1,41.8) | 33.9 (33.3,34.5) | 0.003 |
Left arm percent fat | 34.4 (33.6,35.1) | 41.1 (39.5,42.8) | 34.3 (33.5,35.0) | 0.010 |
Right arm percent fat | 34.4 (33.6,35.1) | 41.2 (40.3,42.0) | 34.3 (33.5,35.0) | 0.008 |
Left leg percent fat | 35.4 (34.7,36.2) | 41.8 (40.1,43.6) | 35.3 (34.6,36.1) | 0.007 |
Right leg percent fat | 35.8 (35.1,36.5) | 41.8 (40.3,43.3) | 35.8 (35.0,36.5) | 0.008 |
Trunk percent fat | 33.8 (33.2,34.4) | 40.7 (38.6,42.7) | 33.7 (33.1,34.3) | 0.008 |
Demography | ||||
Age | 44.5 (44.3,44.7) | 45.5 (44.3,46.7) | 44.5 (44.3,44.7) | 0.290 |
Gender | 0.282 | |||
Male | 765 (48.6) | 7 (31.8) | 758 (48.8) | |
Female | 770 (51.4) | 17 (68.2) | 753 (51.2) | |
Race/ethnicity | 0.068 | |||
White | 683 (77.1) | 7 (29.2) | 676 (46.0) | |
Hispanic | 464 (11.3) | 5 (11.6) | 459 (11.3) | |
Black | 348 (11.6) | 12 (29.3) | 336 (11.4) | |
Othersa | 40 | 0 | 40 | |
SBP | 121.2 (120.0,122.4) | 133.1 (122.7,143.5) | 121.0 (119.8,122.3) | 0.004 |
DBP | 76.2 (75.4,77.0) | 75.3 (73.0,77.5) | 76.2 (75.4,77.0) | 0.611 |
Smoking status | 0.017 | |||
Never | 773 (49.9) | 12 (43.5) | 761 (50.0) | |
Former | 332 (24.1) | 2 (3.9) | 330 (24.3) | |
Current | 430 (26.0) | 10 (52.6) | 420 (25.7) | |
Comorbidity | ||||
Diabetes | 101 (5.1) | 1 (0.5) | 100 (5.2) | 0.002 |
Arthritis | 255 (18.7) | 6 (27.1) | 249 (18.6) | 0.417 |
Hypertension | 293 (19.0) | 13 (34.6) | 280 (18.9) | 0.138 |
Laboratory measurement | ||||
Serum folate (nmol/L) | 31.0 (29.5,32.5) | 24.1 (21.4,26.7) | 31.1 (29.5,32.6) | 0.004 |
Serum albumin (g/dL) | 43.5 (43.2,43.8) | 41.8 (40.8,42.7) | 43.5 (43.3,43.8) | < 0.001 |
CRP (mg/dl) | 0.4 (0.3,0.4) | 0.5 (0.4,0.6) | 0.4 (0.3,0.4) | 0.342 |
WBC count (SI) | 7.2 (7.0,7.3) | 8.6 (7.0,10.2) | 7.2 (7.0,7.3) | 0.026 |
Serum total bilirubin (umol/L) | 11.9 (11.6,12.3) | 10.5 (7.9,13.2) | 12.0 (11.6,12.3) | 0.295 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.3 (5.3,5.4) | 5.3 (4.9,5.7) | 5.3 (5.3,5.4) | 0.832 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.7 (1.6,1.8) | 2.4 (0.0,4.8) | 1.7 (1.6,1.8) | 0.225 |
Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 14.5 (14.4,14.7) | 14.9 (13.7,16.1) | 14.5 (14.4,14.7) | 0.602 |
Serum vitamin B12 (pmol/L) | 373.5 (355.5,391.4) | 407.8 (330.4,485.1) | 373.1 (355.2,390.9) | 0.308 |
Homocysteine (umol/L) | 8.4 (8.2,8.7) | 7.8 (6.8,8.9) | 8.4 (8.2,8.7) | 0.221 |