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Table 1 Sex differences in basic characteristics, left ventricular (LV) volume and function, blood pressure, and arterial load in 460 healthy adults

From: Noninvasive Assessment of Sex Differences in Arterial Load in Healthy Adults

 

Men (n = 230)

Women (n = 230)

Z or t

P value

Basic characteristics

 Age, yrs

43.0 (36.0–49.0)

45.0 (38.0–49.0)

0.723

0.470

 Height, cm

169.0 (165.0–173.0)

158.0 (155.0–162.0)

15.747

 < 0.001

 Weight, kg

63.0 (59.0–68.3)

53.0 (50.0–56.0)

16.627

 < 0.001

 Body surface area, m2

1.81 (1.73–1.89)

1.61 (1.57–1.67)

15.791

 < 0.001

 Body mass index, kg/m2

22.23 (20.94–23.57)

21.10 (20.08–22.48)

5.622

 < 0.001

 Heart rate, bpm

72.0 (67.8–75.0)

72.0 (68.0–75.0)

0.469

0.693

Lv volume and function

 LV end-diastolic volume, mL

100.6 ± 14.9

89.3 ± 13.6

8.459*

 < 0.001

 LV end-systolic volume, mL

32.1 (27.8–36.4)

28.1 (24.7–32.2)

6.807

 < 0.001

 LV ejection fraction, %

68.2 (66.1–69.6)

68.0 (66.6–70.2)

1.059

0.289

 Stroke volume, mL

67.9 (60.4–75.8)

60.3 (54.8–66.8)

7.596

 < 0.001

 Stroke volume index, mL/m2

37.7 ± 5.0

37.6 ± 56.0

0.118*

0.906

 Cardiac output, L/min

4.90 ± 0.79

4.37 ± 0.73

7.383*

 < 0.001

 Cardiac index, L/min·m2

2.66 (2.40–2.99)

2.64 (2.38–3.00)

0.203

0.389

Blood pressure

 Cuff SBP, mm Hg

108.0 (103.0–113.0)

106.0 (100.0–112.0)

2.236

0.025

 Cuff DBP, mm Hg

68.0 (64.0–72.0)

66.0 (62.0–70.0)

2.952

0.003

 Aortic SBP, mm Hg

100.7 (95.7–105.7)

103.7 (97.7–109.7)

4.622

 < 0.001

 Aortic DBP, mm Hg

63.5 (59.5–67.5)

61.5 (57.5–65.5)

2.952

0.003

 Aortic PP, mm Hg

36.2 (33.2–41.2)

42.2 (36.2–46.2)

7.501

 < 0.001

 MAP, mm Hg

75.9 (71.6–79.6)

75.6 (71.6–79.0)

0.162

0.871

Arterial load

 Ea, mmHg/mL

1.35 ± 0.21

1.56 ± 0.25

10.078*

 < 0.001

 EaI, mmHg·m2/mL

0.75 ± 0.14

0.97 ± 0.17

15.262*

 < 0.001

 TAC, mL/mmHg

1.85 (1.61–2.14)

1.45 (1.26–1.68)

10.489

 < 0.001

 TACI, mL/mm Hg·m2

1.02 (0.87–1.18)

0.89 (0.77–1.05)

6.035

 < 0.001

 SVR, kdynes·s/cm−5

1.19 (1.06–1.36)

1.34 (1.20–1.52)

6.917

 < 0.001

 SVRI, kdynes·s·m2/cm−5

2.14 (1.93–2.41)

2.17 (1.91–2.47)

0.462

0.644

 Pulsatile load (aortic PP/MAP)

0.49 ± 0.08

0.55 ± 0.09

8.004*

 < 0.001

 Tau-W, s

1.67 (1.44–1.88)

1.46 (1.31–1.66)

6.969

 < 0.001

  1. Data with normal distribution are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and those without as median (interquartile range). Independent-sample t tests are used to compare the mean of two independent samples with normal distribution, and a t value is presented. Nonparametric tests for two independent samples are used to compare the mean of non-normally distributed data, and a Z value is presented. In the “Z or t” column, * indicate t value, and others are Z value. SBP systolic blood pressure; DBP diastolic blood pressure; PP pulse pressure; MAP mean aortic blood pressure; Ea effective arterial elastance; EaI Ea index; TAC total arterial compliance; TACI TAC index; SVR systemic vascular resistance; SVRI SVR index; Tau-W time constant of the Windkessel
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Artery Research

ISSN: 1876-4401

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